The Impact of Recent DRAM Architectures on Embedded Systems Performance

Matthias Gries, Euromicro'2000, 26th Symposium on Digital Systems Design, Maastricht, Netherlands, vol. 1, pages 282-289, Sep. 2000

Abstract

Embedded computing systems utilize less cache space and fewer memory hierarchy levels than ordinary PC or workstation systems due to costs, area, and power dissipation restrictions. Consequently, they particularly depend on the performance of the underlying DRAM main memory system. Hence, two recent DRAM architectures, widely-used SDRAMs and the next generation memory Direct RDRAM, are investigated in this paper. Performance gains are revealed that can be achieved by exploiting features of recent memory interfaces with simple enhancements of current embedded memory controllers. Different approaches for memory access schemes are investigated by simulation of the DRAM architectures and the memory controller together with an out-of-order issue, superscalar CPU model running various applications. The simulations lead to the following results: using RDRAMs instead of SDRAMs improves the performance of the system by up to one third. Exploiting the multibank structure of DRAMs improves the performance more than pipelining memory transfers.

Keywords: Memory controller functionality, memory access schemes / policies, SDRAM, RDRAM


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